IPU BCA Semester 5 - E Commerce - Business Process Re-engineering Phases
Business Process Re-engineering Phases
E Commerce
Question: Enlist the various phases involved in Business Process Re-engineering in detail.
Answer:
Business Process Re-engineering(BPR):
It means involvement of changes in processes and structures within a business environment to improvise efficiency and performance in terms of quality, cost, price, production, delivery etc. When the existing processes become too complex, noisy and there are shortcoming in achieving the desired output, it is recommended to re-engineer the entire process cycle. BPR has become an integral part of organizations to achieve efficiency and productivity at work. Information technolgy plays a major role in BPR.
A BPR process involves the following main phases i.e.
① Analysis phase
② Design phase
③ Implementation phase
① Analysis phase
The analysis phase begins with diagnosis and understanding of
- customer requirements,
- markets,
- current process flow in the company,
- target performance objectives.
This phase is characterized by identifying the following elements i.e. inputs (e.g. customer enquiries data or materials), processing flow of data or materials (several stages flow which may becoming money and time consuming) and outcome(delivery or expected result). It ensures the vision is well identified and base lined in a set of guiding principles.
This gateway of this phase leads towards the first level of design specification.
② Design phase
Redesign, retooling and re-orchestrating form the key components of the design phase. It may involve simplifying new processes, automating process using IT(Intranets, Extranets, Workflow Management) etc. The design phase of BPR has to deal with design principles in these categories:
Service quality: design processes as they relate to the customer contact.
Workflow: manage flow of work through a series of steps.
Continuous or Continual improvement: incorporate continuous learning of improvement
Workspace: economic issue and layout options e.g. factory layout and man power vs space requirements study.
Workforce: Keep people in view at the design stage of workflow
Information technology: State-of-the-art IT to be kept in view as an enabler of re-engineering processes.
It involves revising process design alternatives and through brainstorming and creativity techniques.
③ Implementation phase
The implementation and transformation phase of BPR is to execute training, logistics, facilitates modifications and to manage the transitions. It ensures smooth migration to the new process responsibilities and human resource roles.
Implementation phase also consists of evaluation stage to monitor new or redesigned processes and find out if goals are met and examine total quality programs.
